COST ACTION 920

Inventory of QMRA Studies in Europe


Data sheet

Pathogen

Echinococcus multilocularis

Country or region

The Netherlands

Transmission route

 From

Fox

To

Humans

Specific product(s)

None

End-point(s)

Prevalence in foxes. Numbers of parasite in foxes, rodents, and in the environment.


Reports or publications

Bibliographic reference

Takumi K, van der Giessen, J. Transmission dynamics of Echinococcus multilocularis; its reproduction number, persistence in an area of low rodent prevalence, and effectiveness of control.

Abstract

On the basis of high prevalences of Echinococcus multilocularis in the growing fox populations in Central Europe, its total biomass may have increased significantly in the past 20 years. E. multilocularis is now also found in areas outside the known endemic area in Central Europe. Therefore, E. multilocularis, the causative agent of a serious parasitic zoonosis, might be of major concern for public health and a challenge to control. Few experimental field trials to control E. multilocularis using an anti-worm drug reduced parasite burden in a contaminated region during the control campaign, but failed to eradicate the parasite completely. It was our aim to develop a mathematical model describing biomass of egg, larval, and worm stages of E. multilocularis life cycle, and simulate a hypothetical control campaign. Additionally, we derived the reproduction number of this parasite and explore conditions for the persistence of the parasite’s life cycle.

Our model shows that while control campaigns rapidly reduce the worm burden in definitive host and consequently eggs in the environment, the pool of larvae in intermediate host remains large. Parasite life cycle persists in a region where prevalence in intermediate host is low (~1%).

Therefore, we conclude that the parasite is likely to re-emerge if the control is stopped on the basis of reduced worm population. Continued treatment of the definitive host is required to eradicate the larval stage of the parasite from the intermediate host population.

Status

In progress

Availability


Project group

Institute

RIVM, P.O. Box 1, 3720 Bilthoven, the Netherlands

Contact person

 Katsuhisa.Takumi@rivm.nl

Partners